The abusive testing of mental patients in Guatemala in the 1950's was a horrible experiment and abuse of human beings. However, for the record we were doing the same to our own and all so called modern nations attempted the same thing. One also make the case the Eugenics is still at the heart of these abuses and the abortion folks are still at it in various forms. Embryonic testing is but another insane example of the types of abuses that go on today under the guide of research.
Willowbrook
"
Construction and early conversion
In 1938, plans were drawn up to build a facility for mentally disabled children on a 375 acres (1.52 km
2) site in the
Willowbrook
section of Staten Island. Construction was completed in 1942, but
instead of opening for its original purpose, it was converted into a
United States Army
hospital and named Halloran General Hospital, after the late Colonel
Paul Stacey Halloran. After World War II, proposals were introduced to
turn the site over to the
Veterans Administration, but in October 1947, the
New York State Department of Mental Hygiene opened its facility there as originally planned, and the institution was named Willowbrook State School.
[edit] Hepatitis studies
Throughout the first decade of its operation, outbreaks of
hepatitis were common at the school. Virtually all children developed hepatitis within six months, primarily
hepatitis A.
This led to a highly controversial medical study carried out there
between the mid-1950s up to the 1970s by medical researchers
Saul Krugman and
Robert W. McCollum.
Healthy children were intentionally inoculated, orally and by
injection, with the virus that causes the disease, then monitored to
gauge the effects of
gamma globulin in combating it.
[3] A public outcry forced the study to be discontinued.
[edit] More scandals and abuses
By 1965, Willowbrook housed over 6,000 mentally disabled children, despite having a maximum capacity of 4,000. Senator
Robert Kennedy
toured the institution in 1965 and proclaimed that individuals in the
overcrowded facility were "living in filth and dirt, their clothing in
rags, in rooms less comfortable and cheerful than the cages in which we
put animals in a zoo" and offered a series of recommendations for
improving conditions.
[4]
Although the hepatitis study had been discontinued, the residential
school's reputation was that of a warehouse for New York City's mentally
disabled children, many of whom were presumably abandoned there by
their families, foster care agencies or other systems designed to care
for them.
Donna J. Stone, an advocate for mentally disabled children as well as victims of
child abuse,
gained access to the school by posing as a recent social work graduate.
She then shared her observations with members of the press.
[5]
A series of articles in local newspapers, including the
Staten Island Advance and the
Staten Island Register, described the crowded, filthy living conditions at Willowbrook, and the
negligent treatment of some of its residents. Shortly thereafter, in early 1972,
Geraldo Rivera, then an
investigative reporter for
WABC-TV
in New York, conducted a series of investigations at Willowbrook
uncovering a host of deplorable conditions, including overcrowding,
inadequate sanitary facilities, and
physical and
sexual abuse of residents by members of the school's staff. The exposé, entitled
Willowbrook: The Last Disgrace, garnered national attention and won a
Peabody Award for Rivera.
[6] Rivera later appeared on the nationally televised
Dick Cavett Show with film of patients at the school.
As a result of the overcrowding, a
class-action lawsuit
was filed against the State of New York in federal court on March 17,
1972. A settlement in the case was reached on May 5, 1975, mandating
reforms at the site, but several years would pass before all of the
violations were corrected. The publicity generated by the case was a
major contributing factor to the passage of a
federal law, the
Civil Rights of Institutionalized Persons Act of 1980."